Abstract Detail

Systematics Section/ASPT

Liu, Xiu-Qun [1], Ickert-Bond, Stefanie [2], Nie, Ze-Long [3], Zhou, Zhuo [3], Chen, Long-Qin [1], Wen, Jun [4].

Phylogeny of the grape genus and its close allies in Vitaceae supports the New World origin of Vitis.

The grapes and the close allies in Vitaceae are of great economic importance. Our previous studies indicated that the grape genus Vitis is closely related to three tropical genera (Nothocissus, Pterisanthes and Ampelocissus).  Yet the phylogenetic relationships within this clade of the four genera remain poorly resolved. The geographic origin of Vitis is still controversial, because the sampling of the close relatives of Vitis was too limited in previous studies. The goals of this study are to construct the phylogenetic relationships within the Vitis-Ampelocissus-Nothocissus-Pterisanthes clade, and hypothesize the origin of Vitis in a broader phylogenetic framework. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted sampling 112 accessions representing 69 spp. of the clade of grapes and their close allies, using five chloroplast and two nuclear markers. A Bayesian relaxed-clock model relied on multiple fossil constraints, and ancestral ranges were inferred using Lagrange. Ampelocissus was paraphyletic, with Vitis nested within it. The African Ampelocissus formed a clade with several Asian species. The majority of Asian Ampelocissus species formed a clade in which Pterisanthes was nested. Species of the New World Ampelocissus did not form a clade, with A. acapulcensis and A. javalensis forming a clade, and A. erdwendbergiana sister to the Vitis clade.  Our results support the merge of Nothocissus and Pterisanthes with Ampelocissus.  Vitis was inferred to have originated from the New World in the late Eocene, with subsequent dispersal to Eurasia in the late Eocene. The North Atlantic land bridges are the most plausible routes of Vitis migration from the New World to Eurasia.

1 - Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
2 - University Of Alaska Museum Of The North, Herbarium (ALA) And Dept. Of Biology And Wildlife, University Of Alaska Fairbanks, 907 Yukon Dr., Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA
3 - Kunming Institute of Botany, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
4 - Smithsonian Institution, Botany, MRC-166 National Museum Of Natural History, 10th St. & Constitution Ave., NW, MRC 166, Washington/DC, N/A, 20013-7012, USA

Keywords:
Vitis
grapes
Vitaceae
Ampelocissus
Biogeography
Vitis-Ampelocissus clade.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper:Papers for Sections
Session: 44
Location: Firs North/Boise Centre
Date: Wednesday, July 30th, 2014
Time: 2:45 PM
Number: 44006
Abstract ID:614
Candidate for Awards:None